1. A spacecraft is freed from fiction ___ launched into space.
A. It
B. It is
C. After is
D. After it is
The clause above is adverb clause, “after” is the connector and followed by the subject “it”
2. ___ with their surroundings, or they hide in crevices for protection.
A. Lobsters
B. Lobsters blend
C. Lobsters blending
D. Because lobsters blend
The clause above is using coordinate connectors “or” and followed by the subject “they”
3. _____ a ball-and-socket joint, the elbow is a simple hinge joint.
A. While the shoulder
B. While the shoulder is
C. The shoulder is
D. The shoulder
The clause above is using adverb of time, “while” is the connector and it’s followed by the subject “the shoulder”
4. A car has several sections with moving parts, ___ of those parts is essential.
A. Good lubrication
B. Well lubricated
C. And good lubrication
D. And well lubricated
The clause above is using coordinate connectors, “and” is the connector and it’s followed by the subject “good lubrication”
5. Bears cannot see well ___ small eyes.
A. Bears have
B. Because having
C. Because they have
D. Because of bears
The clause above is adverb clause, “because” is the connector and followed by the subject “they”
6. ____ at the isthmus of Panama, so animals were able to migrate between North and South America.
A. A land bridge existed
B. When a land bridge existed
C. A land bridge
D. With a land bridge
The clause above is coordinate connector “at” and followed by the subject “the isthmus of Panama”
7. ____ mostly made of granite, it also contains some human-made materials.
A. The Empire State Building
B. The Empire State Building is
C. Although the Empire State Building is
D. Although the Empire State Building is built
The clause above is ……, “although” is connector and followed by the subject “the Empire State Building”
8. Pressure differences make the eardrum vibrate ____ the ear.
A. Enters the sound wave
B. As sound wave
C. Sound waves enter
D. As sound waves enter
The clause above is adverb of time, “as” is the connector and followed by the subject “sound waves”
9. An optical microscope magnifies as much as 2, 000 times, but an electron microscope ___ as much as a million times.
A. Magnifying
B. It magnifies
C. Can magnify
D. Magnify it
The clause above is coordinate connector “but” and followed by the subject “an electron microscope”
10. If scientific estimates are accurate, ____ with the Earth about 20, 000 years ago.
A. The Canon Diablo meteorite collided
B. The collision of the Canon Diablo meteorite
C. The Canon Diablo meteorite colliding
D. Colliding the Canon Diablo meteorite
The clause above is adverb of condition, “if” is connector and followed by subject “scientific estimate are accurate”
11. Nuclear power can be produced by fusion, ____ produced by fission.
A. It can also be
B. It can also
C. And it can also be
D. And it can also
The clause above is coordinate connector “and” and followed by the subject “ it”
12. ____ igneous rocks may be changed into gneisses,
A. The temperature is high
B. If the temperature is high
C. High temperatures
D. If high temperature
The clause above is adverb of condition, “if” is the connector and followed by the subject “ the temperature”
13. Because a family of birds set up housekeeping in Joel Chandler Harris’s mailbox when the birds were on need of a place to stay, ___ the Wren’s Nest.
A. The home is named
B. So the home is named
C. Naming the home
D. The home’s name
The clause above is adverb of condition, “because” is connector and followed by the subject “a family of birds”
14. Today the true story of ___ at Little Bighorn remains a mystery.
A. Happened
B. It happened
C. What happened
D. What happening
The clause above is noun clause, “what” is connector and subject, and followed by verb “happened”
15. For more than a decade, ___ that certain species are becoming scarce.
A. The warning or bird-watchers
B. Warn the bird-watchers
C. Bird-watchers have warned
D. A warning for bird-watchers
The clause above is noun clause, “that" is connector and followed by the subject "certain species"
16. Early in the eighteen century, Halley accurately predicted when ___ of the 1682 would return.
A. The comet
B. Was the comet
C. The comet was
D. Had the comet
The clause above is noun clause, “when” is connector and followed by the subject “the comet of the 1682”
17. No single factor explains why ___ vary so greatly among individuals.
A. Aging affects
B. The effects of aging
C. Aging has an effect
D. The aging effect
The clause above is noun clause, “why” is connector and subject, and followed by “single factor”
18. Lack of clarity about ___ the party in the coming year will be removed at the party’s convention.
A. Will lead
B. Lead
C. They will lead
D. Who will lead
The clause above is noun clause, “who” is connector and subject followed by verb “will lead”
19. We do not ___ the bow drill was first developed for woodworking or fire making.
A. Whether it
B. Know whether it
C. Know whether
D. Sure whether
The clause above is adverb clause, "whether" is connector and subject followed by subject "the bow drill"
20. Minute Man National Historical Park is a monument to where ____.
A. The beginning of the Revolutionary War
B. In the beginning of the Revolutionary War
C. The Revolutionary War to begin
D. The Revolutionary War to begin
The clause above is coordinate connector “where” and followed by the the subject “the revolutionary”
21. Test on the colors of cars were conducted at the University of California to determine ___ the safest colors for cars.
A. Which
B. Which were
C. If
D. How were
The clause above is adjective clause, “which” is connector and subject, and followed by verb “were”
22. The National Institute of Dental Research estimates ___ in fluoridated areas have about 25 percent less tooth decay when children elsewhere.
A. For school children
B. School children’s
C. That school children
D. That for school children
The clause above is noun clause, “when” is connector and followed by the subject “school chidren’s”
23. The process of photosynthesis explains how ___ able to use the energy in sunlight to manufacture foods from the simple chemicals in air and water.
A. Green plants
B. Green plants are
C. Planting greens
D. With green plants are
The clause above is noun clause. “how” is connector and followed by the subject “green plants”
24. The Moon’s gravity pulls water on the near side of the Earth toward the Moon, and this is what ____ tides to occur.
A. The cause
B. Causes
C. Causing
D. The cause of
The clause above is coordinate connector “and”, and followed by the subject “this”
25. It is not clear whether the subdivisions of the neocortex ___ units.
A. Individual
B. Are individual
C. They are individual
D. Individually
The clause above is noun clause, “whether” is connector and followed by the subject “the subdivision of the cortex”
26. Modern humans, who first appeared about 600, 000 years ago, ____ Homo sapiens.
A. callin.
B. were called
C. they called
D. they were called
The clause above is noun clause, “who” is connector and followed by the subject “first”
27. The first writing ___ evidence of is on Mesopotamian clay tablets.
A. We
B. That we
C. Has
D. That we have
The clause above is adjective clause. “that” is connector and followed by the subject “we”
28. ___ drought-resistant plants which store water in fleshy tissue.
A. Succulents are
B. Succulents
C. They are succulents
D. Succulents which are
The clause above is noun clause “which” is connector and followed by the subject “store water”
29. Benjamin Kablesky, whom ___ as Jack Benny, was a famous comedian in vaudeville and on radio and television.
A. Most people’s knowledge
B. Most people know
C. Knowing most people
D. The knowledge of most people
The clause above is adjective clause, “who” is connector and followed by the subject “most people”
30. ___ the hunted other animals tended to have very narrow, sharp, curved claws.
A. For dinosaurs
B. Dinosaurs are known
C. Dinosaurs
D. Like dinosaurs
The clause above is noun clause, “that” is connector and subject, and followed by verb “hunted”
31. The first eyeglasses had convex lenses for the aged who ___ farsighted.
A. Had become
B. They had become
C. Becoming
D. It became
The clause above is adjective clause, “who is connector and subject, and followed by verb “had”
32. Chimney Rock, ___ 500 feet above the North Platte River, has eroded considerably in the last two centuries.
A. Stands
B. Is standing
C. It stands
D. Which stands
The clause above is adjective clause, “which” is connector and suject, and followed by verb “stands”
33. ____ that accompany recurring bouts of severe depression reduce bone density.
A. It changes hormones
B. Hormonal changes
C. The hormones change
D. The changes in hormones is
The clause above is adjective clause, “that” is is connector and subject, and followed by verb “accompany”
34. Willa Cather is an author ___ for her evocative and memorable vision of frontier prairie life.
A. Whom readers
B. The praise of readers
C. Whom praising
D. Whom readers praise
The clause above is adjective clause, “ whom” is connector and followed by the subject “readers”
35. Mars’s tiny moon Phobos is a small mountain of rock that ___ from the asteroid belt by Mars’s gravitational pull.
A. Was probably captured
B. It probably
C. The probable capture
D. Probably the capture
The clause above is adjective clause, “that” is connector and subject, and followed by verb “was”
36. Some scientists think ___ be a planet but a moon of Neptune.
A. That Pluto does not seem
B. Not Pluto
C. Pluto that might not
D. That Pluto might not
The clause above is adjective clause, “that” is connector and followed by the subject “was”
37. Fort Union was the site of what ___ principal fur-trading post on the upper Missouri River.
A. The
B. Being the
C. Was the
D. It was the
The clause above is noun clause, “what” is connector and subject, and followed by verb “was”
38. Since ___ commercial risk, it has to appeal to a large audience to justify its cost.
A. The face of the movie
B. Moving faces
C. A movie faces
D. To face a movie
The clause above is adverb clause, “since” is connector and followed by the subject “a movie”
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